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Medical History
From Earliest
Times to Domesday 1086
From Pepperers and Grocers to
Apothecaries 1087 - 1540
From Apothecaries to Registered
Practitioners 1541 - 1865
The General Practitioner 1866 - 1910
Partnership 1911 - 1945
From National Health Service to Vocational Training 1946 - 1976
1977 - 1996
From Earliest Times to Domesday 1086
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460-375
BC |
Hippocrates, born on the
Island of
Cos
founder of Greek
Medicine.
Formulated his Oath, which for 25 centuries has
been the ‘credo’ of the profession, and which is
still, in some universities, the means by which
medical graduates are admitted to the profession. |
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130 AD |
Galen, Greek physician
born in Pergamos who studied at
Rome Alexandria. Refined the teachings
and views of Hippocrates and
dominates medical thought for the next 15 centuries. |
From
Pepperers and Grocers to Apothecaries 1087 - 1540
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1180 |
Guild of
Pepperers in
London precursors to the apothecaries |
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1316 |
Guild of
Pepperers joined by the
Spicers, they become wholesale merchant
traders dealing ‘en gros’
(leading to the term ‘grocer’) |
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1428 |
Incorporation of the
Worshipful Company of Grocers. They stored and
sold spices, confectionary, herbs and drugs which they
compounded and sold to the public. |
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1518 |
Creation of the Royal
College of Physicians by the Royal charter of
Henry VIII. |
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1540 |
Union of the surgeons and barbers by Henry VIII to form the
Company of Barber’Surgeons.
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From Apothecaries to
Registered Practitioners 1541 - 1865
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1550 |
Apothecaries become the
equivalent of todays
community pharmacists, dealing with the
preparation and sale of substances for medicinal
purposes. |
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1617 |
Gideon de
Laune, apothecary to Anne of Denmark, wife of
James the first, leads the petition for the
London apothecaries to
secede
from
the Grocers. This lead to the establishment of the Worshipful
Society of Apothecaries of
London. |
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1624 |
King James justifies the
split from the grocers on the basis of the apothecaries
skills. |
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1625-1626 |
Outbreak of the plague in
Wakefield, fist victim
dies Aug. 7th.
Afflicted houses marked
with a red cross. 131 die. |
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1645 |
Further outbreak of the
plague causing 245 deaths in 12 months. |
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1675 |
Outbreak of influenza, a
condition previously known as the ague.
Wakefield sufferred severely the epidemic
lasting 4 months and
affecting the ‘robust as well as tender men’. Became known as
the ‘jolly rant’. |
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1704 |
The Society of
Apothecaries win a key legal case against the
Royal College of
Physicians in the House of Lords.
Known as the
Rose Case, this ruled that apothecaries could both prescribe and
dispense medicines. |
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1745 |
The surgeons break away
from the barbers to form a separate Company of Surgeons. |
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1800 |
The Company of Surgeons is
granted a Royal Charter to become The
Royal
College of Surgeons. |
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1815 |
The Apothecaries Act
allows the Society to conduct examinations and to
grant licences to practice Medicine. |
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1841 |
Crofton village register
includes the reference to a G. F. Naylor, surgeon. |
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1858
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Medical Act establishes
registrationof qualified doctors and
advances professionalisation. |
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1864 |
Publication of the British
Pharmacopoeia. Origin of the Medical Register, requiring a single,
qualification in medicine or surgery. |
The General
Practitioner 1866 - 1910
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1886 |
Medical registration
requires qualification in medicine, surgery and
obstetrics. |
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Partnership
1911 - 1945
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1911 |
National Insurance Act
initiates the state panel doctor scheme for
poorer patients. |
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1916 -1994 |
Dr.
G. Collomosse, born in
Mirfield and GP at Crofton from 1947 until
1979. |
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1920 |
St.
Lukes Hall acquired by the West Riding County Council for
purpose of a maternity and welfare centre. Dr. G. Clarke spoke
a few kindly words to the mothers. |
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1929 |
Death of Sarah Ann
Crummack Midwife for
Sharlston who reputedly delivered her last
baby when in her 80’s. |
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1937-
1961 |
Nurse
Ellis, district nurse at Crofton |
From National
Health Service to Vocational Training 1946 - 1976
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1946 |
The foundation of the
National Health Service. |
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1946 |
Dr. Colin
Ashwell buys the practice from Dr. Tom Clark and
establishes himself at ‘Four Winds’ on
West Lane. |
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1947 |
Dr. George
Collomosse joins Dr.
Ashwell and moves into a house in
Foulby covering the Crofton side of the
practice. |
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1947 |
Dr. James Munroe returns
to his native Scotland
whilst Dr. Tom
Clarke joins relatives in the South West of
England. |
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1947 |
Epidemic of infantile
paralysis. |
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1952 |
Foundation of the
Royal College of General
Practitioners. |
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1961 |
Retirement of Nurse Ellis.
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1976 |
Vocational Training an
essential requirement to become a
general practitioner. |
1977 - 1996
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